Biological Characteristics of Structural and Functional Remodelling in Skeletal Muscle: Effect of Exercise

For more than one and a half century, the effect of locomotory activity on skeletal muscle structure and function has been studied. It is clear that these changes depend on the mode of activity. Resistance and endurance exercise training differ in their intensity and duration as well as effects on metabolic pathways, structures of skeletal muscle, protein synthesis and degradation rate, neuromuscular junctions and muscle spindles. The purpose of this review was to compare differences and similarities in structural-functional rearrangements in skeletal muscle in endurance and resistance training and the effect of these changes on endurance and strength capacity. The main purpose of the study was to compare changes in mitochondrial and myofibrillar compartments and also changes in neuromuscular junctions in extraand intrafusal muscle fibers. The comparison of morpho-functional changes in different skeletal muscle fiber types may help an